WHY I AM NOT SOUTHERN BAPTIST
I grew up in Southern Baptist churches and
many of my relatives are still a part of the Convention, but when I was
converted in 1973, I joined an independent Baptist congregation. Though it
would have been much easier to have gone back to the Convention, THOUGH I
AM THANKFUL FOR THE SPIRITUAL BENEFIT I RECEIVED BY GROWING UP UNDER THE
SOUND OF THE GOSPEL AND FOR THE SOUND SCRIPTURAL DOCTRINE I WAS TAUGHT AS A
BOY, AND THOUGH I AM THANKFUL FOR EVERY GOOD THING THAT GOD HAS DONE
THROUGH THE CONVENTION, there are some compelling reasons why I have not
done so.
The following are some of these:
(1) THE DENOMINATIONAL SYSTEM ITSELF IS
UNSCRIPTURAL
The Lord’s apostles planted autonomous
congregations and they did not build denominational structures yoking the
congregations together. The New Testament gives detailed instructions for
the government and discipline of the assembly, but there are no
instructions for the establishment of intra- or extra-church institutions.
Denominational structures are man-made entities that have no biblical
authority.
The denominational system has a big impact
on churches in a variety of ways. One is in the area of missions. A large
percentage of independent Baptist churches are extremely missionary minded.
They support missionaries directly, have a personal involvement with and
knowledge of the ministries they support and pray specifically for
individual missionaries, plus the church members regularly meet “real live”
missionaries as they pass through on deputation. The Southern Baptist
Convention’s centralized denominational missionary program does not lend
itself to any of these things.
(2) THE SBC IS ECUMENICAL
Until 2004 the Southern Baptist Convention
was one of the chief members of the World Baptist Alliance, an organization
almost as radically liberal as the National Council of Churches in America
and the World Council of Churches. The Convention did not pull out of the
World Baptist Alliance until its enemy the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship
was accepted as a member, which makes the pull out decision appear
political rather than theological.
Regardless of its disassociation with the
World Baptist Alliance, the SBC has many other ecumenical associations. It
has a relationship, for example, with the American Bible Society and the
United Bible Societies. In our book Unholy Hands on God’s Holy Book,
available from Way of Life Literature, we have carefully documented the
theological modernism which permeates the Bible societies.
The SBC yokes together with
modernism through its longstanding alliance with the China Christian
Council. In November 1997, Louis Moore, associate vice president for
communications with the SBC foreign mission board stated that the Southern
Baptist Convention has worked closely with the China Christian Council
(CCC) from its beginning and there are currently eight “career Southern
Baptist workers” assigned to the Council. K.H. Ting, longtime head of the
CCC, is a rank modernist who denies that the Bible is the infallible Word
of God, denies that sinful men will be judged by God, praises liberation
theology, and believes truth is found in all religions. In chapter six of
our book “Has the Southern Baptist Convention Been Rescued from Modernism,”
we have documented the unbelief that permeates the China Christian Council.
The SBC has also conducted formal dialogue
with the Roman Catholic Church, and Roman Catholic priests have spoken in
many SBC pulpits. The Baptist convention of South Carolina warmly welcomed
Pope John Paul II to America in 1987. This has never been repented of or
publicly repudiated in spite of the “conservative renaissance.” The SBC has
participated in such radical ecumenical crusades and meetings as Key ‘73
and the National Festival of Evangelism in 1988. SBC congregations are
perpetually hosting and participating in local ecumenical meetings. In 1980
twenty-five Alabama SBC pastors met with twenty-five Roman Catholic
“clergymen” to build bridges “that may help them work together more often
than they have in the past” (Birmingham News, Aug. 22, 1980).
Southern Baptist agencies were active in
“Mission 2000,” a consortium of “400 New Evangelical denominations, mission
agencies and para-church groups that advocate and adhere to ecumenical
evangelism” (Fundamentalist Digest, March-April 2001, p. 9).
The Southern Baptist Convention has
strongly supported the radically ecumenical Promise Keepers movement, which
has had a Roman Catholic on its board of directors and which has featured
Roman Catholic priests as key speakers at some of its events. (For
documentation see the section on Promise Keepers in the Apostasy Database
at the Way of Life web site.) Much of the support for Promise Keepers has
come from SBC congregations across the country.
The Southern Baptist Convention also
associates in ecumenical ventures in its close association with ecumenical
evangelistic crusades sponsored by Billy Graham, Luis Palau, and others.
Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has a course entitled Christian
Life and Witness, which trains students in crusade counseling
techniques. On May 3, 2001, the Baptist Press ran an article entitled
“Hundreds of Southern Students Prepare for Graham Crusade.” R. Albert
Mohler, Jr., President of Southern Seminary, served as the chairman of
Graham’s crusade. He told the Baptist Press, “Nothing else has brought
together the kind of ethnic and racial and denominational inclusivity as is
represented in this crusade; nothing in my experience and nothing in the
recent history of Louisville has brought together such a group of committed
Christians for one purpose” [emphasis added]. In fact, Southern Seminary
proudly hosts the Billy Graham School of Missions, Evangelism and Church
Growth.
Thus even the allegedly
conservative Southern Baptist seminaries at the national level are
ecumenical. Roman Catholic priest Richard John Neuhaus, co-author of
Evangelicals and Catholics Together, was scheduled to speak at Beeson
Divinity School, October 2-3, 2001. Timothy George, Dean of Beeson, is a
signer of Evangelicals & Catholics Together II. George was scheduled to
join Albert Mohler, President of Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, to
speak at “a meeting of Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox Christians” on
November 8-10, 2001, at the University of St. Mary of the Lake, Mundelein,
Illinois. Other speakers included Metropolitan Maximos, Greek Orthodox
bishop, and James Hitchcock, professor at Roman Catholic St. Louis
University (The Fundamentalist Digest, July-August 2001, p. 4).
Eugene Lowery, professor at United Methodist Saint Paul School of Theology
in Kansas City, Missouri, was a guest lecturer at Southwestern Baptist
Theological Seminary in February 2001. That same month, Southwestern
featured guest lecturer Peter Toon, executive president of the Prayer Book
Society for the wretchedly apostate Episcopal Church. We could list
hundreds of other examples of ecumenical ventures involving SBC
congregations and schools.
Southern Baptist churches, colleges, and
seminaries do nothing to warn their students about the great dangers of
ecumenical evangelism. They do not explain that Billy Graham has turned
thousands of converts over to Roman Catholic and modernistic churches. They
do not carry books in their bookstores that warn about ecumenical ventures
such as this and that document New Evangelical compromise.
The deeply compromised, ecumenical nature
of the Southern Baptist Convention was most recently seen in its support
for Mel Gibson and his R-rated Roman Catholic film The Passion of
the Christ. Gibson based his movie partly on Catholic mystic
Anne-Catherine Emmerich’s “visions,” which are recorded in the book “The
Dolorous Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ.” Gibson said, “She supplied me
with stuff I never would have thought of.” Gibson, who is a Roman Catholic,
borrowed extra-biblical scenes such as Peter confessing to Mary, Mary
appealing to Pilate’s wife to protect Jesus, Mary wiping up Jesus’ blood
with cloths provided by Pilate’s wife, and Mary saying to Jesus, “Flesh of
my flesh and heart of my heart, let me die with you.” Pope John Paul II is
scheduled to beatify Emmerich in a ceremony at the Vatican on October 3.
Mel Gibson prays to Mary and believes in salvation through the Catholic
sacraments; he accepts the Council of Trent as authoritative, even though
it hurled 125 anathemas or curses at those who accept the Bible alone as
the Word of God and who believe that salvation is by God’s grace alone
without works or sacraments. Gibson stated in an interview that he does not
believe that people can go to heaven apart from the Roman Catholic Church.
In spite of the clear and present danger of
such appalling heresy, Gibson and his movie have received thunderous
support from the Southern Baptist Convention. I have not heard even one
conservative SBC leader warn about it. Jack Graham, president of the
Southern Baptist Convention, said, “The movie is biblical, powerful and
potentially life-changing.” Morris Chapman, president of the executive
committee of the Southern Baptist Convention said, “I don’t know of
anything since the Billy Graham crusades that has had the potential of
touching so many lives.” Not to be outdone, popular SBC preacher Adrian
Rogers even believes this Hollywood movie “is going to bring the Church
away from me-ology back to theology” (“Gibson’s Words Fuel Controversy,”
AgapePress, Feb. 20).
The Word of God warns that those who
associate with heresy can lose their rewards and become partakers of the
evil deeds of those who are committed to false teaching (2 John 7-11).
(3) THE SBC HAS REFUSED TO DISCIPLINE BILLY
GRAHAM.
Dr. Graham is a member of the late W.A.
Criswell’s First Baptist Church of Dallas, Texas, and he has never been
disciplined for his disobedience to the Word of God and for doing more than
any other man in this generation to break down the wall between truth and
error and to muddy the waters of the gospel by his association with and
recognition of men who preach abominable false gospels. Dr. Graham has sent
multiplied thousands of converts back to Roman Catholic and modernistic
Protestant churches to be devoured by wolves in sheep’s clothing. We have
carefully documented this in our book Evangelicals and Rome.
Here are three examples of Graham’s practice:
1984 -
Vancouver, British Columbia crusade vice-chairman David Cline stated: “If
Catholics step forward there will be no attempt to convert them and their
names will be given to the Catholic church nearest their homes” (Vancouver
Sun, Oct. 5, 1984).
1987 - A priest and a nun were among the
supervisors of the counselors for the Denver crusade; from one service
alone 500 cards of individuals were referred to St. Thomas More Roman
Catholic Church (Wilson Ewin, Evangelism: The Trojan Horse of the
1990’s).
1989 - 2,100 Catholics that came forward
during Graham’s London crusade were referred to Catholic churches (John
Ashbrook, New Neutralism II: Exposing the Gray of Compromise,
1992).
Graham has fellowshipped closely with Rome
since the 1950s, and we have given extensive documentation of this in the
bookEvangelicals and Rome, available from Way of Life Literature.
If turning seekers over to Roman Catholic
and modernistic churches is not cause for discipline, nothing is. Not only
has Dr. Graham not been rebuked and disciplined by the Southern Baptist
Convention, he has been greatly honored.
(4) SBC CHURCHES ARE NOT GOVERNED
SCRIPTURALLY.
Though there are some exceptions, they
commonly have a deacon board that has authority equal to and even above
that of the pastor(s). The Bible gives no authority to deacons. Nowhere
does the Bible speak of “deacons who rule well,” because deacons are not
rulers. Their qualifications are not ruling qualifications, but are the
qualifications of servants to the pastors and congregations. Whereas
pastors (also called elders and bishops) must be apt to teach and able to
defend the flock from false teachers (1 Timothy 3:1-7; Titus 1:4-13),
deacons have no such requirement (1 Timothy 3:8-13). The common polity used
among SBC congregations ignores these biblical truths, and allows men who
are not qualified to be pastors to have authority equal to that of a
pastor. This unscriptural church polity creates tremendous potential for
abuse. In many SBC churches, the pastor is little more than a hired
preacher, who is in danger of being fired at any time if he displeases the
deacons or established families in the congregation. In fact, many SBC
congregations are ruled, in practice, by strong-willed women who are the
wives of SBC deacons.
(5) WORLDLINESS IS RAMPANT IN SBC CHURCHES
AND SCHOOLS.
Though there are godly Southern Baptist
people, the homes of the average church members are too often filled with
rock music (secular and “Christian”), immodest dress, R-rated videos, and
many other marks of a gross love of the world. Southern Baptist coeds have
volunteered to pose for Playboy magazine (Mercer University,
1985). Many SBC schools are known as wild party schools, and the student
fornicators and drunkards are not disciplined. Worldly dances are held on
the campuses of many SBC-connected schools. Hundreds of SBC congregations
host “Christian” rock concerts. More than 35 years ago, Evangelist John R.
Rice warned, “The lewdness of the modern dance is now excused and the
worldly viewpoint accepted in most Southern Baptist colleges” (“Dancing in
Southern Baptist Colleges,” Sword of the Lord, Sept. 5, 1969).
The worldliness in the Southern Baptist Convention has dramatically
increased since then and the conservative renaissance has done nothing to
stem this tide.
In 1986 Southern Baptist-supported Baylor
University in Texas began allowing campus dances. Speaking with the Ft.
Worth Telegram-Star, university President Robert Sloan described the
move as exciting and said, “It’s done at other universities and we’ve
wanted it for a long time.” Baylor sororities, fraternities, and other
organizations had held off-campus dances for many years.
The First Baptist Church of Dallas, Texas,
had a “Hard-Core-a-Thone concert that kicked off a new youth ministry.” A
picture in the Dallas Morning News showed “young people
slam-dancing the night away” (The Fundamentalist Digest,
September-October 2002).
Grace Point Church (formerly known as
Castle Hills Church Northwest, founded by Castle Hills First Baptist
Church, San Antonio, Texas area] held a “Dad and Daughter Valentine Dance”
on Feb. 8, 2002. A news report indicated the occasion featured “the chicken
dance, Macarena and twist” (San Antonio Express News, Feb. 2, 2002,
p. 12C; Feb. 14, 2002, p. B6; cited from The Fundamentalist Digest,
Sept.-Oct. 2002).
Pointed preaching against indecent dress
and worldly music and unwholesome entertainment is almost nonexistent in
most SBC churches. (Sadly, the same can be said for a rapidly growing
number of Independent Baptist churches.) Dr. John Bisagno’s First Baptist
Church (SBC) in Houston, Texas, had an Elvis contest and Beatles music at a
1994 event in its Solid Rock Café (Calvary Contender, Aug. 15,
1994). Dr. R.L. Hymers, Jr. relates the following in his book Preaching
To A Dying Nation: “A short time ago I was driving through Houston on a
trip with my family. It was Sunday, so we dropped into the First Baptist
Church ... since we knew of no independent church in the downtown area. I
can only describe this evening service as fully charismatic. The pulsating
music went on at a deafening level for nearly an hour. The sermon, by ... Louie
Giglio, was replete with charismatic ideas, punctuated by waves of people
holding their arms in the air. The ushers were men dressed in shorts and
caps with rings in their ears. ... We felt as out of place as we would have
if we had entered a night club, a rock concert, or an opium den! ... It is
considered one of the conservative churches in the Southern Baptist
Convention.”
(6) SHAMEFUL POLITICS IS PRACTICED BY SBC
CONSERVATIVE LEADERS.
They claim on one hand to be zealous for
the Word of God, while at the same time refusing to separate from those who
question and deny the Word of God. In chapter three of our book “Has the
Southern Baptist Convention Been Rescued from Liberalism,” we have
documented statements by most conservative SBC presidents proving that
their goal is not to purge the convention entirely of theological
liberalism but to achieve “parity” between the “moderates” and the
“conservatives.”
The modernists in the Southern Baptist
Convention are clever men. They shun labels such as Modernist and Neo-Orthodox,
preferring the non-offensive term “Moderate.” The conservative movement has
not caused them to repent of their unscriptural doctrines; it has caused
them to be more cautious in the expression of the same. They have learned
how to retain their position within the Convention, and many of them are
content to hold their peace until the climate is more favorable to their
views.
Bobby Welch, who was elected president of the SBC in 2004, while
running as a “conservative” is intent on unifying conservatives and
“moderates.” “Newly-elected Southern Baptist President Bobby Welch is very
intent on bringing unity to his fractured denomination and plans to use a
bus tour to bring everyone to ‘the Baptist table.’ Welch hopes this will be
a ‘sterling opportunity for everybody’ to come to the Baptist table,
‘including moderates and liberals’ who have withdrawn much of their support
for the convention in the last 20 years (Huntsville Times, August
14, 2004). He hopes to convince all groups to set aside their differences
to create ‘a spiritual synergy’ through evangelism. But a unity based on
unscriptural alliances does harm to the doctrine of separation. A unity not
based on truth (Bible doctrine) is an unscriptural one” (Calvary
Contender, Sept. 2004).
The error of Welch’s program is evident
when we consider the fact that term “moderates” within the SBC context
includes those who hold modernistic doctrines, such as denying the
infallibility of Scripture.
(7) WOMEN ARE ALLOWED TO HOLD LEADERSHIP
ROLES IN THE SBC.
The Fall 1997 edition of Folio,
the newsletter of Baptist Women in Ministry, published the results of an
extensive study and said there were 1,225 ordained women in the SBC and
that roughly 200 of those are pastors and associate pastors. There were 16
states where women serve as senior pastors in SBC churches. North Carolina
had the most. The other top 10 states for employing Baptist clergywomen
were, in order, Texas, Virginia, Georgia, Kentucky, South Carolina,
Florida, Missouri, Alabama and Maryland. The Foliostatistics
are probably no longer accurate, as in the year 2000 the newly
adopted Faith and Message, the SBC’s statement of faith, took a
stand against women being ordained as pastors. At the same time, only some
state conventions have adopted the new Faith and Message. The
Midwestern Theological Seminary published a report more recently that
claims there are only about 35 pastors in Southern Baptist churches, but
the report is “preliminary” and addresses only the issue of senior pastors.
SBC seminaries and colleges and other schools used by SBC congregations
(such as Dallas Theological Seminary) are filled with women who have
feminist sympathies and who are training for the ministry. Chuck Kelley,
president of New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, stated that more
women are now being trained for ministry in Southern Baptist seminaries
than at any other time in the SBC’s history (Southern Baptist Convention
web site, June 15, 2000).
While most of the ordained females in
Southern Baptist congregations are not senior pastors, they are disobeying
the Bible by assuming leadership roles in other ways and by teaching and
preaching to men (1 Tim. 2:12).
There are large numbers of Southern Baptist
churches that allow women to teach adult Sunday School classes and
otherwise openly disobey 1 Timothy 2:12. It is
just as unscriptural for a woman to teach a class of men as it for a woman
to be a senior pastor.
W.A. Criswell’s wife, Dorothy, taught a
mixed Sunday Class for many years composed of men and women at First
Baptist Church in Dallas, Texas. Some of those who sat under her teaching
were students and trustees of Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary
(“Pastor’s letter challenges seminary’s proposed stance,” Baptist Press,
Oct 17, 2006).
Paige Patterson’s wife, Dorothy, has spoken
as the principal speaker at the Sunday Morning worship service at Concord
Missionary Baptist Church in Dallas (Baptist Press, Oct 17, 2006).
Billy Graham’s daughter, Anne
Graham Lotz, who frequently preaches to mixed crowds of men and women, is a
member of a Southern Baptist congregation. Texas Southern Baptists featured
Lotz’s “stirring preaching” at their Evangelism
Conference in 1996 and she was again featured as a preacher at a Sunday
morning worship service June 15, 2003, sponsored by the Conference of
Southern Baptist Evangelists (Ohio Baptist Messenger, July 2003).
If we are going to disregard the Bible in
one area why not disregard it altogether? Conventions and associations,
being extra-biblical institutions, can only define and enforce doctrine by
consensus, and the consensus invariably falls short of the whole counsel of
God.
(8) THE CHARISMATIC MOVEMENT IS GROWING
WITHIN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION.
Though a few churches and individual
missionaries have been put out of the Southern Baptist Convention for
charismatic doctrine and practice, many others remain, and the number is
increasing. In Christianity Today, May 16, 1986, Pastor Don
LeMaster of the West Lauderdale Baptist Church in Fort Lauderdale, Florida,
estimated that five percent of SBC congregations were openly charismatic at
that time. That number has probably increased during the past 15
years. Charisma magazine, March 1999, contained a report
entitled “Shaking Southern Baptist Tradition,” which gave many examples of
charismatic Southern Baptist congregations.
In 1995, two professors at Southern Baptist
Theological Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky, told Baptist Press that
Southern Baptists shouldn’t fear the charismatic movement. “We shouldn’t
feel defensive or threatened by an alternative experience, perspective or
insights about the Holy Spirit,” said William Hendricks, director of
Southern’s doctoral studies program. Churches should not be making a big
issue of the movement, he added, because “you could be fighting what is a
legitimate experience of the Spirit.” Tim Weber, professor of church
history, agreed: “Most charismatics take the Bible as seriously as Southern
Baptists, although they read it differently,” he said. The professors also
said Southern Baptists shouldn’t divide charismatics into a separate
“camp,” since their influence has touched the 15 million-member Southern
Baptist Convention. ... The professors believe the time has arrived for a
more reasoned approach to charismatics and dialogue with them (Charisma,
April 1995, p. 79).
Three of the men that are associated with
the charismatic move within the SBC are Jack Taylor, Ron Phillips, and Gary
Folds, all of whom have accepted the unscriptural nonsense occurring at the
Toronto Airport Church in Ontario and/or at Brownsville Assembly of God in
Pensacola, Florida. This “revival” takes the form of uncontrollable
laughter, falling on the floor, barking like a dog and roaring like a lion,
electric shocks, weird shaking, and other bizarre experiences.
Jack Taylor is a former vice president of
the Southern Baptist Convention. Taylor was converted to the “Toronto
Blessing” when he visited there in 1994. Since then he has spoken
frequently on the radical Trinity Broadcasting Network and similar Charismatic
forums. He founded Dimension Ministries and is busy influencing Southern
Baptists and others with his unscriptural doctrines.
Ron Phillips is pastor of Central Baptist
Church of Hixson, Tennessee. His annual Fresh Oil & New Wine
Conference, which features speakers such as Rodney Howard-Browne, the “Holy
Ghost Bartender,” draws hundreds of Southern Baptist pastors and church
members. The church uses the charismatic rock-style music and is
experiencing charismatic phenomenon. Another Southern Baptist pastor, Dwain
Miller of Second Baptist Church in El Dorado, Arkansas, has prophesied to
Phillips that God would use him “to bring renewal to the SBC’s 41,000
churches.” He is referring to a charismatic “renewal,” which is always
accompanied by unscriptural ecumenical fervor and downplaying of Bible
doctrine. In April 2006, Phillips told theTennessean newspaper
that he first experienced speaking in tongues when he was sleeping. He said
his wife woke him up and said, “What in the world are you saying?” He concluded
that it was a gift from God to encourage him (“Some Baptists Believe Gift
of Tongues Remain,” The Tennessean, March 26). He says that he
continues to speak in tongues in his “private prayers.” Of course, there is
not a hint of something like this in the New Testament Scriptures.
Gary Folds is pastor of the First Baptist
Church in Belle Glade, Florida. He has written a book promoting the Toronto
“Blessing” entitled “Bull in a China Shop: A Baptist Pastor Runs into God
at Toronto.” He describes being “slain” in the Spirit and other such
things. Following is how he described the meetings he attended: “Some
people would simply lay on the floor as though
they were sleeping … Others would writhe in what appeared to be anguish,
pain, or possibly agony. Some would twitch, while others shook, and some
would even have convulsive-type jerking. Many would cry, while an even
greater number would laugh … Many of them would laugh for an hour or
longer. One night I saw people laugh for almost two and a half hours.”
James Robison is another example of SBC
charismatics. The once fiery evangelist used to lift his voice
against sin
and apostasy, but those days are over. In 1979, he had some sort of
charismatic experience. That same year he spoke at an Assembly of
God
church. By 1981, he had completely gone over to the ecumenical
Charismatic-Roman Catholic line. That was the year he first invited a
Roman
Catholic to speak at his Bible conference. Robison was so
comfortable with
the ecumenical program by 1987 that he joined hands with 20,000
Roman
Catholics, including hundreds of priests and nuns, at New Orleans
‘87. At
this meeting, Robison made the following amazing statement: “I tell
you what, one of the finest representatives of morality in
this earth right now is the Pope. People who know it really believe
he is a
born again man.” I was at this meeting with press credentials and
personally recorded the message from which this excerpt is taken.
Robison
remains affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention and has
influenced
many Southern Baptists in the charismatic direction.
Another example is the Missouri-based
evangelist Bill Sharples. He resigned a Southern Baptist pastorate after
accepting the tongues-speaking movement, but 25% of his meetings are in SBC
churches. He claims that 15 to 20 percent of Southern Baptists that he
meets are open to the Charismatic movement.
Billy Graham is another Southern Baptist
who has recommended tongues and charismatic signs and wonders. In his 1978
book, The Holy Spirit, he “endorsed laying
on of hands, divine healing and tongues.” He said: “As we approach the end
of the age I believe we will see a dramatic recurrence of signs and
wonders, which will demonstrate the power of God to a skeptical world.”
Graham even promoted the false charismatic prophet Oral Roberts. Graham
spoke at the dedication ceremony of Oral Roberts University in 1962. Later
that year Graham joined Oral Roberts as a speaker at the July 1962
convention of the Full Gospel Business Men’s Fellowship International in
Seattle, Washington. Graham invited Roberts to the World Congress on
Evangelism in 1966 and recommended him to influential Evangelical leaders.
Pat Robertson is another example. In the
late 1950s he became involved in the Pentecostal movement and began
“speaking in tongues.” He established the Christian Broadcasting Network in
1960, and that same year was ordained by the Freemason Street Baptist Church
in Norfolk, Virginia, a Southern Baptist congregation. A few years later he
formed the “700 Club,” which spread ecumenical and charismatic doctrine far
and wide. He still claims to be affiliated with the Southern Baptist
Convention. Speaking at Celebration 2000 in St. Louis, Missouri, Robertson
testified that though he is a Baptist, he sees the need for Roman Catholic
charismatics to visit Baptist churches in order to teach the Baptists how
to dance and worship God.
Another charismatic Southern Baptist is
Pastor Wallace Henley, Crossroads Baptist Church, Houston,
Texas. His church practices tongues speaking, and he supports the “revival”
at the Brownsville Assembly of God in Pensacola, Florida, where the pastor
gets so “drunk in the spirit” that he cannot lead the congregation. Henley
claims that those who are opposed to the charismatic movement are
“pharisaical” and “mean-spirited.”
In November 2005 the Southern Baptist
Foreign Mission Board voted to forbid missionaries to speak in tongues, but
Jerry Rankin, the head of the board, says that he has spoken in a “private
prayer language” for 30 years!
Speaking at a chapel service on August 29,
2006, Dwight McKissic, a trustee of the Southwestern Baptist Theological
Seminary, told the students that he speaks in tongues in his “private
prayer life” (“Southwestern Trustee’s Sermon on Tongues Prompts Response,”
Baptist Press, Aug. 30, 2006). McKissic, who is the pastor of Cornerstone
Baptist Church, an SBC congregation in Arlington, Texas, said he has prayed
in tongues since 1981.The first time, he says, was when he was a seminary
student. He recalls, “Strange sounds begin to come out of my mouth”
(“Southern Baptists Debate Tongues,” cbs11tv.com, October 07, 2006).
Missionary David Rogers, son of the late
Adrian Rogers, SAID HE WORKS WITH MANY MISSIONARIES WHO PRACTICE PRIVATE
TONGUES.
Charles Carroll, SBC missionary to
Singapore who was dismissed by the Southern Baptist International Mission
Board in 1995 because of his charismatic activities, testified that many
Southern Baptists living overseas are
charismatic, but most remain “in the closet” for fear of being fired
(“Baptist Missionaries in the Closet,” Charisma, March 1999, p.
72).
Thus, it appears that this is not a small
issue or one that will go away any time soon. Rankin and those supporting
his position are trying to distinguish between public tongues and private,
saying that while they are opposed to public tongues they believe there is
a private form of tongues that one can use to edify oneself. In fact,
biblical tongues are biblical tongues. The tongues of Acts are the tongues
of 1 Corinthians 14. They were real languages that a believer could speak
supernaturally. They were a sign to the nation Israel that God was going to
send the gospel to every nation and create a new spiritual body composed of
both Jews and Gentiles (1 Cor. 14:20-22, quoted Isaiah 28:11-13). Each time
tongues were spoken in Acts (Acts 2, 8, 10, 19) Jews were
present. As the prophet Isaiah foretold, the Jews rejected the sign and were
judged. Its purpose ceased even before the events recorded in the book of
Acts were completed. The last mention of tongues is in Acts 19. The sign,
having been fulfilled, ceased. When John Chrysostom wrote in the 4th
century about the sign gifts of 1 Corinthians 12-14, he said: “This whole
place is very obscure: but the obscurity is produced by our ignorance of
the facts referred to, and BY THEIR CESSATION, being such as then used to
occur but now no longer take place” (“Homilies on 1 Corinthians,” Vol. XII, The
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Hom. 29:2). There is no “private prayer
language” in the New Testament. It is the recent invention of Pentecostals
and Charismatics who, having realized that they cannot speak in real
tongues that can be interpreted (one of the absolute biblical
requirements), were forced either to renounce their experience or to create
some sort of cockeyed defense for it. There is not one example of a prayer
in the Bible that is uttered in unintelligible mutterings that “bypass the intellect.”
Jesus Christ did not pray that way and neither did the apostles. I have
heard Charismatics speak in their “private prayer language” in churches and
conferences in many parts of the world. Larry Lea’s “private prayer
language” at Indianapolis ’90 went something like this: “Bubblyida
bubblyida hallelujah bubblyida hallabubbly shallabubblyida kolabubblyida
glooooory hallelujah bubblyida.” I wrote that down as he was saying it and
later checked it against the tape. Nancy Kellar, a Roman Catholic nun who
was on the executive committee of St. Louis 2000, spoke in “tongues” that
went like this: “Shananaa leea, shananaa higha, shananaa nanaa, shananaa
leea…” repeated over and over.
Friends, this is not any sort of biblical
prayer; it is childish nonsense, but it is neither innocent nor lacking in
spiritual danger. The Bible warns repeatedly and forcefully about the
danger of spiritual deception, and those who empty their minds through the
practice of a “private prayer language” are in danger of the devil filling
them.
The Southern Baptist Convention would do
well to cleanse itself of all Charismatic practices, but no half-hearted
attempt will ever get the job done. What kind of silliness is this,
forbidding missionaries to do something that the head of their agency does!
Because the SBC refuses to discipline
charismatic error thoroughly and consistently, the charismatic leaven will
doubtless spread.
The Bible warns that “a little leaven
leaveneth the whole lump.” This is true for sin (1 Cor. 5:6) as well as for
false doctrine and practice (Gal. 5:9).
(9) THE SBC IS PERMEATED WITH THEOLOGICAL
MODERNISM.
Even if none of the above were true, I
could not join a Southern Baptist church because of the false teaching
which has permeated the Convention and which is supported by the
Cooperative Program. Any denial or questioning of the Bible is false
teaching. I don’t care if you call them Modernists or Liberals or
Neo-orthodox. You can even call them Moderates, if you please. If a man
questions the authenticity of any portion of the Bible, if he denies the
infallibility of the Holy Scriptures, that man is a heretic, and he should
be marked as such and rejected from the congregation and avoided (Rom.
16:17; Tit. 3:10-11).
When I was in my second year of Bible
school and was home on a visit, I decided to talk with the pastor of my
mother’s SBC church in Kathleen, Florida. This was in 1975. As I sat across
the desk from him in his office, I asked how he could lead his congregation
to give to the Cooperative Program, knowing that in so doing they were
supporting modernists. He looked directly at me and said, “There are no
modernists in the Southern Baptist Convention.” He told me I had been
“brainwashed by the likes of Lee Roberson and John R. Rice.”
No modernists in the SBC in the 1970s?
Denominational loyalty definitely puts blinders on a man! If there were no
liberalism in SBC schools in those days, why did more than one hundred SBC
professors publicly criticize the Sunday School Board in 1969 for
publishing W.A. Criswell’s book Why I Preach that the Bible Is
Literally True? If there were no modernism in SBC schools then,
there would have been a thunderous “Amen” coming from SBC professors over
the publication of such a book. Instead, they were angry! The fact is that
the Southern Baptist Convention was permeated at every level with modernism
in the 1970s. This was documented extensively in S.B.C. House on
the Sand by Dr. David O. Beale (1985, Bob Jones University Press)
and Inside the Southern Baptist Convention by Dr. R.L.
Hymers (1990, Bible for Today, Collingswood, NJ). Though many positive
changes have occurred since then, the Southern Baptist Convention, sadly,
is still permeated with modernism.
In 1996, Jerry Falwell said the Southern
Baptist Convention has been “rescued from theological liberalism” (Baptist
Press, Oct. 24, 1996).
In fact, this is not true. The SBC has a
local, a regional, a state, and a national aspect. Only someone trying to
excuse his affiliation with liberalism would claim that the Southern
Baptist convention only exists at the national level. If this were true,
there would not be such a thing as a Southern Baptist congregation, but we
know that there is such a thing. It is the state conventions that fund the
national convention, and at the state level liberalism is very much alive
among Southern Baptists.
Let’s consider North Carolina. This state
illustrates how that the Southern Baptist Convention is a mixed multitude
of theological modernists and conservatives and how that the most
conservative Southern Baptists are still yoked together at the state level
with the rankest liberals. The Baptist State Convention of North Carolina,
which sends funds to the Southern Baptist Convention at the national level
to support the six seminaries and other projects, at the same time supports
liberal schools such as The Divinity School at Wake Forest, Duke Divinity
School at Winston-Salem, Gardiner-Webb School of Divinity at Boiling
Springs, and Campbell University Divinity School at Buies Creek. None of
these schools hold that the Bible is the infallible Word of God. Wake
Forest and Duke University have open admission for homosexuals. While
taking funds from the Baptist State Convention of North Carolina, which in
turn is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention, these schools are
also affiliated with the rankly liberal Cooperative Baptist Fellowship
(CBF). In 2000, CFB coordinator Daniel Vestal told the press that there are
congregations that support the CBF who ordain homosexuals, and that he does
not want anyone to leave over this issue (“CBF ‘welcoming but not
affirming’ of homosexuals,” Associated Baptist Press, Oct. 23, 2000). CBF
council member Dixie Lee Petrey said, “I don’t think we should limit the
Spirit of God in the way that it moves. Do we really want to sit here and
say God’s Spirit cannot call a homosexual to follow God’s call?” CBF
council member Bob Setzer said, “We’re not saying that God cannot call a
homosexual, even a practicing homosexual.”
In chapter one of the book Has
the Southern Baptist Convention Been Rescued from Liberalism I
have given current examples of theological liberalism in Virginia, Georgia,
Missouri, California, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas. In November 1996, for
example, the Missouri Baptist Convention failed for the second year in a
row to pass a requirement that its leaders embrace the inerrancy of
Scripture. This reveals that there are large numbers of Southern Baptists
at the state level who do not believe the Bible and do not want to obey the
Bible. In Georgia there are modernists such as Mercer University President
R. Kirby Godsey. In his 1979 book, When We Talk about God, he
said, “the notion that God is the all powerful, the high and mighty
principal of heaven and earth should be laid aside.” As of 2004, Godsey is still
the President of Mercy and he stands proudly by his heresy to this day.
Wicked heresy such as this is held by
thousands of men and women who are members in good standing in SB churches.
Though the national seminaries in the
Southern Baptist Convention have been turned back from open theological
modernism, little has changed at the state and local level. There are 54
Southern Baptist colleges and universities, a large percentage of which are
openly and unquestioningly modernistic, with a total enrollment of roughly
113,500 students (R.L. Hymers, Jr., Battle for the Bible in the
21st Century, pp. vii-ix, citing Bill Sumners, Director and Archivist,
Southern Baptist Historical Library and Archives, Jforbis@edge.net). Thus,
even today, after 30 years of conservative leadership at the national
level, a large percentage of the students in Southern Baptist-supported
institutions are being trained by modernists.
Those who do believe the Bible are yoked
together denominationally with these heretics. The Bible plainly instructs
God’s people to mark and avoid false teachers and to reject them from the
churches (Rom. 16:17-18; Titus 3:10-11). The Southern Baptist Convention
does not require obedience to these Scriptures, and I refuse to have
anything to do with such a weak, Christ-dishonoring convention.
The Bible says that even to bid a heretic
Godspeed is to be a partaker of his evil deeds (2 John 8-11); how much more
are conservative Southern Baptists partakers of the evil deeds of liberals
when they join hands with them in the same organizations and in the support
of the same schools?
(10) THE SBC IS FILLED WITH MEN AND WOMEN
WHO ARE YOKED WITH PAGAN ANTI-CHRIST ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE MASONIC
LODGE AND THE EASTERN STAR.
Calvary Contender editor Jerry Huffman summarizes
the spiritual abomination of the Masonic Lodge: “Freemasonry is a secret
society of six million members worldwide. It often claims it is not a
religion, but its writings say it is. It teaches that Jesus is not God. It
has worship and funeral services, and places the Koran and ‘holy books’ of
other religions on the same level as the Bible (Calvary Contender,
May 1, 1992). The Scottish Rite Journal in February 1993
stated that “Masons believe in the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of
man...” (An excellent publication that documents the
heresies of Freemasonry is The Masonic Lodge: What You Need to
Know: Quick Reference Guide by Ed Decker, published by Harvest
House Publisher, Eugene, OR 97402.)
Of the 3.5 million Masons in the U.S., 1.3
million are Southern Baptists. Fourteen percent of SBC pastors and 18
percent of deacons are Masons (Calvary Contender, June 1, 1993).
At the June 1992 Southern
Baptist annual conference, an unsuccessful attempt was made by a minority
of representatives to root Freemasonry out of the Convention. The Home
Mission Board was assigned the task of preparing a report, but the chairman
of the Board, Ron Phillips, displayed his prejudice when he stated that he
did not agree with the conclusion that Masonry is incompatible with
Christianity and that he knew many “dedicated Christian men” who are Masons
(Christian News, March 15, 1993). It quickly became obvious that the
Southern Baptist Convention was more concerned about retaining members and
with maintaining harmony than with dealing with false gospels. The Indiana
Baptist for March 16, 1993, reported that “fearing the loss of
three million members,” the just-released Home Mission Board report leaves
it to individual Southern Baptists whether to join the secret society. The
report documented Freemasonry’s anti-Christian doctrine,
that many Grand Lodges do not declare Jesus as the unique Son of
God; the offensive rituals and “bloody oaths”; “implications that salvation
may be obtained by one’s good works”; the heresy of universalism; pagan
religions are studied in higher degrees. Despite all this, the study
recommended leaving the decision to the individual member. (The author of
the Home Mission Board report, Gary Leazer, joined the Masons a couple of
years later.) At the June 1993 convention in Houston, Texas, the Southern
Baptist representatives decided to accept the Mission Board report’s
recommendation and leave the matter of Masonic membership to the conscience
of individuals. Freemasonry’s “Sovereign Grand Command,” who had
aggressively politicked within the Convention, praised the decision.
Southern Baptist physician Dr. James Holly, who led the attempt to root out
Freemasonry, said, “Southern Baptists have become the first Christian
denomination that essentially blesses the Masonic Lodge” (Christian News,
Dec. 20, 1993).
This is proof positive that the average
Southern Baptist pastor does not care preeminently about truth. As a rule,
they are cowardly shepherds who are more concerned about their retirement
than the faith once delivered to the saints.
(11) THE VAST MAJORITY OF SOUTHERN BAPTIST
CONGREGATIONS REFUSE TO EXERCISE CHURCH DISCIPLINE, AND IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO
HAVE A BIBLICALLY PURE CHURCH WITHOUT DISCIPLINE.
Dean Register, president of the Mississippi
Baptist Convention, testified: “It’s very unusual for Southern Baptist
churches to take disciplinary action against an individual” (The Sun
Herald, Biloxi, Mississippi, Sept. 13, 1998). Timothy George, dean of
Beeson Divinity School at Samford University, confirmed this in a statement
published by the Associated Press: “Church discipline was common among
Baptists until early this century, when it faded as people abused the
system to carry out vendettas” (AP, Sept. 12, 1998).
The “vendetta” part aside, there can be no
doubt that this observation is accurate. Across the length and breadth of
the land there are unrepentant moral reprobates and heretics on the rolls
of Southern Baptist churches. Famous Southern Baptists like Billy Graham
(who believes in infant baptism, denies the literal fire of hell, and turns
his converts over to spiritual wolves), Jimmy Carter (who accepts liberal
theology and says Mormons are true Christians), and Bill Clinton (a sexual
predator who lies under oath and obstructs justice), disobey the Bible but
are not disciplined. More than a million Freemasons, who are yoked together
with idolatrous organizations in disobedience to 2 Corinthians 6, are
members of SB congregations. Many modernists who deny the infallible
inspiration of the Holy Scripture are members of SB congregations. Many
unrepentant fornicators and adulterers are members of SBC congregations.
Furthermore, it is common for a large
percentage of the members of Southern Baptist congregations to habitually
neglect themselves from the assembly and to live no differently than their
unsaved neighbours. In an article published in 1999 by Jim Elliff, resident
consultant for the Midwestern Center for Biblical Revival at Midwestern
Baptist Theological Seminary, we learn the following sad facts:
“Out of Southern Baptists’
nearly 15.9 million members, only 5.2 million, or 32.8%, even bother to
show up on a given Sunday morning, according to the Strategic Information
and Planning department of the Sunday School Board (1997). In the average
church, one can cut that 32.8% by about two-thirds to find those interested
in any additional aspect of church life, such as a Sunday evening service.
In other words, only about a third of the 32.8% or slightly more than a
tenth of the whole (12.3% in churches with evening services in 1996, the
last year for which statistics are available) show more interest in the
things of God than Sunday morning attenders in the liberal church down the
street where the gospel is not even preached. These figures suggest that nearly
90% of Southern Baptist church members appear to be little different from
the ‘cultural Christians’ who populate mainline denominations” (Founder’s
Journal, Feb. 7, 1999).
In the Bible God commands His people to
exercise discipline toward sinning and heretical church members (1
Corinthians 5; Titus 3). A denomination that has the testimony that these
scriptures are largely ignored is not a denomination that I want to join.
(12) SOUTHERN BAPTISTS ARE AT THE FOREFRONT
OF PROMOTING THE CHURCH GROWTH PHILOSOPHIES THAT WEAKEN THE CHURCHES BY
TURNING THE CHURCH’S MISSION AWAY FROM THE COMMITMENT TO THE WHOLE COUNSEL
OF GOD, WHICH IS THE MISSION AND PURPOSE THAT JESUS CHRIST DELIVERED TO THE
CHURCH (MATT. 28:19-20), TO A CAPSULATED, WATERED-DOWN, MAN-MADE “PURPOSE.”
THE CHURCH GROWTH MOVEMENT PROMOTES THE USE OF WORLDLY MUSIC AND DRESS TO
ATTRACT LARGE CROWDS.
Southern Baptist conservatives in Virginia
and the Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary co-sponsored a church
planting conference in November 2000, which featured guest speaker Aubrey
Malphurs, a Dallas Theological Seminary professor. Malphurs, author
of Planting Growing Churches for the 21st Century, encourages
churches to use “culturally relevant” music to gain young people. He
recommends turning the Sunday morning service into an “innovative” thing
featuring “skits, drama, audio-visual presentations, creative-dance and the
use of video in preaching” (p. 181). Malphurs downplays preaching by
claiming that “most people can count on the one hand the number of sermons
that have accomplished significant change in their lives” (p. 179). It is
obvious that the preaching to which Malphurs is accustomed is powerless.
Later he says that preaching is “not necessarily the best” way to
facilitate life change (p. 214).
Malphurs is wrong. He is promoting a
humanistic, pragmatic approach to the church rather than simply submitting
to the doctrine and practice we find in the New Testament Scriptures. The
Bible plainly exalts preaching. It is mentioned 153 times. The prophets of
old preached (Matt. 12:41); John the Baptist preached (Matt. 3:1); Jesus
Christ preached (Matt. 4:23); the Lord’s disciples preached (Luke 9:6); the
early Christians preached (Acts 8:4). They preached the word everywhere
(Acts 8:4) and long into the night (Acts 20:9). It is through the
“foolishness of preaching” that God has ordained that men be saved (1 Cor.
1:21). God’s Word is manifest today through preaching (Titus 1:3).
Malphurs is wrong. God does not change
lives through worldly music and drama and dance but through the forthright
preaching of the faith once delivered to the saints (2 Timothy 4:2).
In spite of all of this Malphurs is
promoted by mainstream, conservative Southern Baptists.
Another example of this is Rick Warren,
Southern Baptist pastor of Saddleback Community Church in southern
California and author of The Purpose Driven Church. Warren
doesn’t use theological terms such as sanctification, justification and
propitiation in his sermons. He encourages the use of Christian rock music
to communicate to the unsaved. He is very ecumenical. In his book he
uncritically praises Robert Schuller, David Yonggi Cho, Mother Teresa, and
other heretics and recommends the most radical of ecumenical ministries
such as Campus Crusade for Christ. Warren was a guest faculty member of
Schuller’s 1997 Institute for Successful Church Leadership Conference, even though Schuller is a heretic who claims
that sin is merely the absence of self-esteem. Warren preaches a “positive
only” message to make the unsaved feel comfortable. He promotes Christian
psychology and a multitude of psychology-oriented self-help programs. He
preaches a watered down no-repentance gospel.
The Southern Baptist president in 2002,
Jack Graham, pastored one of the Rick Warren-Bill Hybels style churches. It
is Prestonwood Baptist Church near Dallas, Texas. “The church has 15 ball
fields, a 50’s-style diner [featuring rock music], and a fitness center” (The
Fundamentalist Digest, Sept.-Oct. 2002).
(13) THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION IS NEW
EVANGELICAL AND REJECTS BIBLICAL SEPARATION.
If a person can understand what New
Evangelicalism is he will understand the Southern Baptist Convention today.
There are many articles on New Evangelicalism at the Way of Life web site
(an entire section of the Apostasy Database is devoted to Evangelicalism;
see especially http://www.wayoflife.org/fbns/fundamen1.htm).
The chief error of New Evangelicalism is
its goal to focus on the positive and its neglect of the “harder”
obligations of the Word of God, such as separation from error, plain
exposure of false teachers, and unpopular doctrines such as Hellfire.
Southern Baptist leaders openly
warn against fundamentalism and separatism. Morris Chapman, president of
the SBC Executive Committee, warned against “separatism” in his June 2004
message “The Fundamentals of Cooperating Conservatives.” He said:
“There’s a road wrongly taken by many on
our left, the road of liberalism. But there is also a road wrongly taken by
many others on our right side. It may not be as treacherous as the road of
liberalism, but it is just as disabling to the Convention. What is this
road? It is the road of separatism -- an ecclesiastical methodology that
devalues cooperation in favor of hyper independence. In the past, we have
avoided this road as fervently as the road on the left. If Southern
Baptists steer too sharply toward the right, we will end up on the road of
separatism. SOUTHERN BAPTISTS HAVE NEVER EMBRACED THE METHODOLOGIES OF
SEPARATISM” (Morris Chapman, June 2004, http://www.sbc.net/aboutus/sbvoices/chapman2004.asp).
Chapman has admitted precisely what we have
warned about, that the Southern Baptist Convention is New Evangelical and
has renounced biblical separation. This was the hallmark of New
Evangelicalism from its inception in the 1940s. Harold Ockenga, who claimed
to have coined the term “neo-evangelical,” defined the philosophy of this
movement as follows:
“Neo-evangelicalism was born in
1948 in connection with a convocation address which I gave in the Civic
Auditorium in Pasadena. ... The ringing call for A REPUDIATION OF
SEPARATISM AND THE SUMMONS TO SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT received a hearty response
from many evangelicals. The name caught on and spokesmen such as Drs.
Harold Lindsell, CARL F.H. HENRY, Edward Carnell, and Gleason Archer
supported this viewpoint. We had no intention of launching a movement, but
found that the emphasis attracted widespread support and exercised great
influence. Neo-evangelicalism... DIFFERENT FROM FUNDAMENTALISM IN ITS
REPUDIATION OF SEPARATISM AND ITS DETERMINATION TO ENGAGE ITSELF IN THE
THEOLOGICAL DIALOGUE OF THE DAY” (Harold J. Ockenga, foreword to Harold
Lindsell’s book The Battle for the Bible).
Note that a central aspect of New
Evangelicalism is its repudiation of separatism. New Evangelicals desire a
more positive Christianity, less theological controversy, less fire and
smoke, less “Bible thumping.”
The Bible doesn’t allow the
middle-of-the-road position between theological liberalism and
fundamentalism espoused by the Southern Baptist Convention. Separation from
doctrinal error is a divine commandment. “Now I beseech you, brethren, mark
them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye
have learned; and avoid them” (Rom. 16:17).
CONCLUSION
Friends in Christ, beware of the Southern
Baptist Convention. In spite of the conservative renaissance and the many
commendable steps that have been taken at the national level to distance
the convention from modernism, it remains a deeply compromised, New
Evangelical hodgepodge of truth and error. Though there are godly Southern
Baptists and some good and Scriptural things in many Southern Baptist
congregations, this good is leavened with Billy Graham ecumenism, Jimmy
Carter modernism (Carter still teaches Sunday School in a Southern
Baptist-associated congregation even though he has distanced himself from
the SBC), rock & roll worldliness, contemporary worship charismaticism,
Rick Warren pragmaticism, and Masonic Lodge paganism.
“Your glorying is not good. Know
ye not that a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump?”
(1 Cor. 5:6).
See
also "When
Was the Southern Baptist Convention Rescued from Liberalism" and "Charismatic
Southern Baptists"
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